Full Name: Enrico Fermi; Profession: Italian-born, later naturalized American physicist and Nobel Prize–winning pioneer of nuclear physics, often called the architect of the nuclear age and the architect of the atomic bomb; Nationality: Italian, later American citizen; Born: 29 September 1901; Birthplace: Rome, Kingdom of Italy (Via Gaeta 19, Rome); Generation: Greatest Generation (G.I. Generation); Chinese Zodiac: Ox (Metal Ox); Zodiac Sign: Libra; Age in 2026: 125 years (hypothetical, as he is deceased); Marital Status: Married to Laura Capon Fermi from 1928 until his death; Children: daughter Nella Fermi Weiner and son Giulio Fermi; Description: Enrico Fermi was one of the most influential physicists of the twentieth century, renowned for creating the world’s first artificial nuclear reactor, Chicago Pile-1, achieving the first controlled self-sustaining nuclear chain reaction, and playing a central role in the Manhattan Project that developed the first atomic bombs, while also making foundational contributions to quantum statistics (Fermi–Dirac statistics) and to nuclear and particle physics; his 1938 Nobel Prize in Physics recognized his demonstrations of the existence of new radioactive elements produced by neutron irradiation and his discovery of nuclear reactions brought about by slow neutrons, and his rare combination of deep theoretical insight with extraordinary experimental skill made him a central architect of modern nuclear science and technology whose work reshaped energy production, medicine, and global geopolitics; Cause of Death: Enrico Fermi died of inoperable stomach cancer on 28 November 1954 in Chicago, Illinois, United States.